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What Are the Best Medications For Anxiety Disorders? Treatment of anxiety disorders is usually a three-pronged approach: medication, psychotherapy and exercise. Antidepressants are the primary option for treating anxiety. Newer drugs that have lower suicide risk and less side effects, such as mirtazapine and nefazodone are better tolerated over antidepressants from the past, such as tCAs and monoamine inhibitors of oxidase (MAOIs). Most people can manage anxiety symptoms with medications that reduce the anxiety signals in the brain. This includes SNRIs and SSRIs. Benzodiazepines They work by facilitating binding between the inhibitory neurotransmitter GABA and various receptors within the central nervous system. They are considered to be more secure, less toxic CNS depressant as compared to their predecessors – barbiturates. They are used to treat seizures, as anticonvulsants and anxiolytics. They are prescribed in small doses, and are less likely than other drugs to cause anticholinergic toxicities or delirium. Before consuming generalized anxiety disorder , it is crucial to evaluate the risks and potential side effects. For instance, long-term benzodiazepine use can impair memory or cause withdrawal symptoms. This is especially true when it is combined with other CNS depressants, such as opioids or alcohol. Some people may also find that it diminishes the effectiveness of antidepressants. The use of benzodiazepines is not recommended for elderly patients or children and should not be used in conjunction with medical comorbidities like depression. They come in different formulations and potencies and have a variety of pharmacological properties. They differ in how fast they perform, how long they last, and their negative effects. The benzodiazepines with longer-acting effects like chlordiazepoxide (Librium), Clorazepate (Tranxene) and Clobazam (Onfi) and diazepam (Valium) are prescribed for insomnia and anxiety and alprazolam (Xanax), Lorazepam (Ativan) and midazolam (Versed) are used to induce anesthesia as well as for seizures and other seizure disorders. The most common benzodiazepine adverse effects include constipation, dry mouth, fatigue and blurred vision. There are also headaches, nausea and weight loss. However, these side effects are generally minor and will disappear after a long period of use. It is preferential to gradually lower the dose of benzodiazepines rather then stopping abruptly as they can trigger withdrawal symptoms, such as insomnia and irritability. SSRIs (serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors) as well as SNRRIs (serotonin-norepinephrine stimulators of reuptake), atypical antidepressants like mirtazapine, and beta blockers are also effective in treating anxiety disorders. SSRIs and SNRIs work to increase the levels of serotonin and norepinephrine within your brain, which helps reduce anxiety. Atypical antidepressants increase these chemical levels through various pathways and are able to treat other mental conditions like depression. Beta-blockers, which are typically heart medications, can be used in small doses to treat anxiety, such as stage fright, by reducing the adrenaline rush, which causes shaking and rapid heartbeat. SSRIs The most popular medications used to treat anxiety disorders are selective serotonin reuptake inhibits (SSRIs), and serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs). These drugs boost the levels of serotonin, the neurotransmitter that influences mood. They also increase levels of norepinephrine, a different neurotransmitter that affects mood. Paroxetine and Fluoxetine are the most well-known SSRIs used to combat anxiety. SNRIs are citalopram, sertraline and nefazodone. Other medications can ease anxiety symptoms. They include antihistamines (e.g. Hydroxyzine, for instance) alpha and beta blockers (e.g. propranolol and Clonidine), and benzodiazepines. Antihistamines can be especially helpful when you're experiencing a panic attack. They can trigger a feeling of drowsiness, which can ease anxiety. However, they can have side effects like dry mouth, constipation and sedation. There are also dangers in the event of driving and you can develop a tolerance to the medication. Benzodiazepines are sedatives which work by increasing the activity certain neurotransmitters that send signals between brain cell. These drugs are prescribed to relax you and fall asleep. They are only meant for short-term use. They can also be habit-forming therefore they should only be taken under a doctor's supervision. Tricyclic antidepressants, which are older medications, can be effective in treating anxiety. These drugs function similar to SSRIs and increase the levels of serotonin and norepinephrine levels in your body. These medicines are usually started at a small dose and increased gradually. Certain medications may cause weight increase and anxiety. They may also cause dry mouth, urinary tract issues, and arrhythmias. Monoamine oxidase inhibitors can also be older antidepressants which have been proven to be effective in treating anxiety however, they are not widely prescribed due to side effects like dry mouth, weight gain and sedation. Monoamine oxidase inhibitors also interact with certain foods and medications, such as SSRIs, birth control pills as well as cold and allergy medications and acetaminophen, ibuprofen and aceta. You can feel more relaxed and in charge of your life by utilizing the appropriate medication for anxiety. Additionally, it is important to practice strategies for managing stress. The most important steps are abstaining from unhealthy food and exercise as well as avoiding alcohol and tobacco and removing any news stories or readings that could trigger anxiety. Joining an anxiety support group will allow you to meet other people with similar problems and teach you coping techniques. Tricyclic antidepressants SSRIs and tricyclic antidepressants are among the drugs that are used to treat anxiety disorders. Certain medications increase the amount of certain brain chemicals, such as serotonin or norepinephrine. These medications can be taken as often or as needed. Some take several weeks before they begin working, but can completely get rid of anxiety or make it much more manageable. However, they won't work if the medication is taken off. SSRIs can be used to treat anxiety, and stop symptoms from recurring. These include citalopram (Celexa) and the escitalopram (Lexapro) and fluvoxamine (Fluoxetine) and sertraline (Zoloft). SSRIs have minimal side-effects and are generally safe. SSRIs can be used in conjunction with other treatments for anxiety, such as exercise or psychotherapy. Another type of medication that could be used to combat anxiety is beta blockers. These drugs are prescribed primarily for heart problems, but they can also be helpful in treating anxiety and fears. They help reduce anxiety symptoms by cutting blood pressure and slowing down the heart rate. The most frequently used beta blockers are propranolol as well as atenolol. People who suffer from a fear or a panic disorder may sometimes benefit from sedatives such as lorazepam and alprazolam. These drugs can be taken before an event that is stressful and can quickly ease the symptoms of anxiety. These medications can become habit-forming so only use them as needed. In general, SSRIs and SNRIs can be used as the first line of treatment for anxiety. They are safe, well-tolerated, and have a high efficacy in randomized controlled trials. However, the idiosyncratic characteristics of drugs and the comorbidities of patients must be considered. For instance, a person with an history of depression might require an increased dose than a person without. The most effective treatment for a performance anxiety or social phobia is a monoamine oxidase inhibiter (MAOI). These drugs increase the number of neurotransmitters that regulate mood, and are often first administered at low doses and then gradually increased. They can be used on their own or in conjunction with benzodiazepine. MAOIs may interact with other medications, including SSRIs as well as some birth control pills. They may also interact with acetaminophen Ibuprofen, cold and allergy medications. Monoamine oxidase inhibitors Many medications are used to treat anxiety disorders and work well for many people. They include benzodiazepines, anticonvulsants and antidepressants. Benzodiazepines act as GABA-A agonists and are effective in the short run to ease anxiety symptoms. They can also be used to reduce muscle spasms, seizures, and hypnotic conditions. However, they are not suitable for long-term use and can cause dependence. Antidepressants, on the other hand can help reduce depression and anxiety. These medications may take four to six weeks to begin working, but they are very effective for most people. These medications can trigger sexual side effects in a few individuals, but they are generally manageable. SSRIs and SNRIs, boost levels of serotonin and norepinephrine two of the most important neurotransmitters and hormones that affect mood. They are often the first-line treatments for most anxiety disorders . They can be used daily to treat symptoms or when required. Antidepressants can trigger a range of adverse effects, such as dry mouth, nausea and weight increase. They also increase the risk of suicidal ideation therefore, you should only take them as long as is necessary. Another option is beta-blockers which are commonly used to treat heart ailments. Propranolol or Inderal, is often prescribed for the treatment of social anxiety disorder off-label. This medication is a great option for relieving physical symptoms of anxiety, such as shaking or high blood pressure. It can also lower stress hormones such as norepinephrine and adrenaline, which are produced in the state of anxiety. Anticonvulsants like gabapentin, pregabalin and tiagabine possess GABAergic effects. These medications are FDA approved for treating neuropathic pain and can also be effective as an antidepressant in some people. TCAs are also tricyclic antidepressants, which increase the levels of serotonin in the brain. They also decrease the activity of monoamine oxide, which is responsible for breaking down these chemicals. They are able to alleviate symptoms of bipolar disorder and mania. These drugs can cause a variety of adverse effects, including dry mouth, weight gain and sedation. These medications can also increase the risk of arrhythmias and hypotension.